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That extra 2%


"All men commend patience, although few are willing to practice it." - Thomas Fuller

So during this winter storm, I got a couple of books on Amazon, one being The Extra 2%. I'm pretty sure most people here know what that book is about, so I won't bore everyone by going into the details.

What I thought while reading it is that there are things in the book that I think apply to the Mariners. And perhaps brings up certain subjects that I normally would dismiss, but now I might have to take a look at again.

Star-divide

Before I begin, I apologize if the article doesn't flow well, I tend to be a bit jumbled when writing something for the first time.

Perhaps the biggest thing that I always rolled my eyes about was the argument as long as the How-Chuck monster at the top remains, the team will remain a loser. I dismissed it thinking that if they let Z do his job, it wouldn't matter.

However, in reading the book, if the owners and the FO aren't on the same page, chances are things will not go as smoothly as hoped. So even if Zduriencik has the best plan, if How-Chuck has the employees on pins and needles, or they won't give him the resources (whether it be time, money, or the like) it won't matter.

So there is something to be said after all about how the owners are running (or how they are letting others) run the organization.

Another example of the similarities between the Rays and the M's was the fact that they mentioned that one mistake could cost an organization time in rebuilding. The book talked about Pat Burrell. Perhaps a move that has cost the M's is the signing of Chone Figgins. If we hadn't signed him, perhaps the money could have gone to Fielder (if we were/are/you get the point going after him). Burrell's contract was just 2 years, Figgins' is much longer.

The last question is regarding the dreaded word - payroll *gasp*. Yes, I said it.

The argument always goes that our market is bigger than down in St. Pete, so we shouldn't have to "stoop down" to their tactics to build a good team.

If it works though, and it doesn't take up resources, why not do it?

Well in taking the Rays' tack, you have to be better at evaluating talent than your competition. Because your payroll is less, a signing like the aforementioned Burrell can set back an organization years. You also have to be able to find what is undervalued. As my friend says, Moneyball isn't about things like OBP and sabermetrics, it's about finding undervalued assets and taking advantage of what The Extra 2% called arbitrage.

But with the talk surrounding the Millwood signing, it appears that our bloggers here think the M's aren't doing enough to justify the Montero trade - and that a declining payroll will not be tolerated by the fanbase.

Which is true. But like we've argued earlier against Baker's article, there's no reason to spend money just to spend money. So if we're just filling out the roster now waiting for the young players to develop, then is there a reason to? Especially if a bad 2-year deal could set us back? And then what good FA would want to sign here for just 1 year? You can argue if Eckstein is a good player or not, but it's a recent example (that I recall) of a FA refusing to play in Seattle.

Put it together, and I wonder now if we actually are like the Rays' and we're overstating the capabilities of the organization at this time (yes, I know we spent $100 million at one point).

If that is the case, then we must turn towards our minors and how we've drafted. Thing is, we know it generally takes several years for players to work their way up the minors. To that end, I've created a spreadsheet that shows the 3 drafts Z has been involved in as well as the signings/trades he's made. The sheet can be found here.

To summarize though in the 2009 draft, the players filtered as follows (anyone who didn't have any stats in 2011 was considered released and minor league rosters on MLB.com as of 01.21.2012 were used):

  • Major League - 2 (Ackley, Seager)
  • AAA - 1
  • AA - 9
  • A+ - 8
  • A - 3
  • Released - 12

Of the 2010 draftees:

  • AAA - 2
  • AA - 2
  • A+ - 6
  • A - 9
  • A- - 7
  • Rk+ - 5
  • Rk - 4
  • Released - 6

And of this past year's:

  • Unknown - 1 (Hultzen)
  • A+ - 3
  • A - 5
  • A- - 10
  • Rk+ - 10
  • Rk - 11

So even with 2+ years in the organization, most of the draftees from 2009 are sitting in AA or A+, the 2010 draftees are sitting somewhere in the A level, while players from this past draft sit in A- or Rookie ball. You also start to see the attrition rates as the years pass.

Now, we know we aren't expecting every draft pick to become a hit, but if you look at the progression of players as each year passes, it may still be a while before we see the heart of the draft picks coming up.

And if that's the case, there isn't any reason to throw money out there if what the book says is true. And the transactions seem to suggest that the FA signings were to try and field a major league roster while not allocating resources long-term, trades were to either restock the minors or rebuild the major league rosters while we wait for the draftees to rise up the ranks.

But if the M's are indeed playing the Rays' game, you have to be willing to open the purse strings again when the time comes though, else it may undermine the good work put in earlier.

Does that make the Montero trade bad if the M's don't do anything else like everyone else claims? I'm not so sure. It could be a case of arbitrage that we're not seeing - and I don't claim to be able to know if that is the case or not. But looking at the team in this manner, and if we're comparing where we are to the Rays' process in the book, we may still be a year or two behind the curve.

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I remain unconvinced that ownership is a major obstacle here.

Your suspect feelings regarding the ownership-GM relationship I think that could be a fair critique of the Mariners. Unfortunately, we are left with few bits of evidence on the nature of that relationship, so most postulating on the topic is at best idle speculation. Which is not to say we cannot infer a thing or two.

I read The Extra 2% a few months ago, and found it an enjoyable read. However, I would critique the book as underdelivering on the sort of arbitrage aspect that the subtitle promises. The bulk of the book is dedicated to a history of the Rays and their terrible former ownership, which affected directly the team’s management. While there are interesting tidbits the book gets into when discussing some of the sabermetric approaches the Rays use, I felt that they wound up being a small consideration in the overall narrative. Not because I don’t think they are important, mind you, but because the team—and I think the author says this—was understandably unwilling to discuss it. However, the bulk of the book, and the subsequent improvement of the Rays, comes from no longer having absolute asshats running the team. They stopped signing terrible free-agents and sacrificing draft picks and prospects in order to focus on drafting and developing their own talent, like any small money team should.

While the Ray’s new ownership has a lot to do with their success, it wasn’t like only Wall Street traders could get in there and make moves smart enough to take the team out of the gutter. I think it is safe to say that anyone who wasn’t a fucking idiot would look great compared to previous Ray’s ownership (Keri’s book was very eye opening in this regard). And though our ownership hasn’t changed in a similar manner, management has.

While one could argue that the change of ownership and management of the Rays organization is evidence of a greater commitment to a smart approach than the Mariner’s current owners might have, I think it is an argument we would do best to avoid. One could simply point to Jack Zduriencik’s recent contract extension as evidence that ownership is willing to commit to seeing prospects develop. Further, our previous years of $100+ million payrolls are evidence that ownership will open the checkbook when the time comes. It’s hard to see them upping payroll for a bullshit signing after having been burned the last few years. It is much easier to expect them to do that when their money is going to be spent more effectively and when the opportunity is right.

The difference is that while the Ray’s literally could not afford to spend money, we can. However, there is no reason to throw money away just so we can say we signed someone. We all agree on that. As your laborious efforts show, that time is most likely not yet here. Our prospects are just now beginning to make their presence felt. Free agents are best when they fill a specific hole, and the Mariners are not one plugged-hole short of seaworthy at the moment.

Zduriencik inherited some terrible contracts. While we have been waiting for those to come off of the books, the farm system has been improving. The bad free agent signings you can pin on Zduriencik are essentially Figgins and Guti. While they have been disappointing, neither are crippling, and neither were terrible ideas on their face. In fact, at the time, it isn’t a stretch to say they were great moves.

Thank you for compiling that spreadsheet by the way—looks like a lot of work. I hope you keep updating it as time goes by.

by SeattExPat on Jan 23, 2012 5:29 PM PST reply actions  

The bad free agent signings you can pin on Zduriencik

Apologies if this is nitpicking, but Guti came here in a trade, and then got a contract extension. Not a free agent.

Zduriencik’s major free agent blunder was Figgins, but that’s largely in hindsight. If Figgins hadn’t dropped off a cliff, there’s every reason to believe the two-leadoff-hitters approach would have been something to build on. I know I was excited to see the same Figgins that drove us crazy 8 – 10 years ago; we unfortunately didn’t get that player. I agree that Figgins wasn’t a terrible idea on its face, as you put it.

I would be more inclined to throw rocks at some of the blue light specials that were picked up in free agency – Cust, Byrnes, Olivo. There’s been a bit too much romanticizing of the “high upside, low cost veteran” acquisitions from time to time. Yes, there’s a certain amount of that kind of player that arguably the M’s had to get, due to the other large contracts the M’s were carrying, or market availability, or the inability to get quality back in trade due to farm shallowness.

I would have rather seen the money invested in one or two above-average players at a time, and the rest just come from churning through the farm, however weak it might have been. E.g. plugging in Cust was not an improvement over using the DH spot to carry an extra position player and get a look at more guys that way. Meh.

In that regard, it’s good to see this offseason so far because it really seems like a corner’s being turned. There’s a subtle difference between the role players and one-offs picked up this offseason, vs. past seasons. These one-offs and role players aren’t expected to carry the team.

by Chris_FB on Jan 24, 2012 9:34 AM PST up reply actions  

I remember reading a story

About how ownership wanted Bavasi to follow in Gillick’s foot paths, to spend money, trade prospects, and win now. So that’s what Bavasi did. While it was Bavasi making all the terrible decisions, it couldn’t have happened without ownership forcing Bavasi to follow a team-building philosophy that just doesn’t work.

I think our ownership loved how Gillick built the team like that and thought Bavasi could do the same. After 5 years of losing, they realized you can’t. No one can build a team that way, except Gillick.

The key point to note here is that ownership learned something. We like to assume ownership was bad 5-10 years ago so they’ll be bad now, but these guys are smart. They didn’t become CEOs through chance. They know they made a mistake, and you can see it from the type of GM they signed right after – a former scouting director, a guy who preaches building from the farm.

This is why I have a hard time seeing the hate for ownership. Yeah, they made mistakes. But they learned from it. They let Z be, and give him time and resources when he needs it. Seems like a good owner to me.

by valencia on Jan 23, 2012 7:12 PM PST reply actions  

I'll answer both comments here...

By no means am I suggesting the argument against the owners is true. However, in reading the book I can see that the argument does have some merit. I also agree that the fact Z has received an extension means that ownership has learned.

I still think though that my (friends) premise that Moneyball is about finding undervalued assets instead of just sabermetrics holds. It’s just that since all clubs have better analysis tools available, it narrows asymmetric information between teams.

The Extra 2% also still extends to the fact that the M’s may be trimming payroll so that it’s available for later. It won’t sit well with the fans, but it possibly is the prudent thing to do while the young’uns develop.

by KaminaAyato on Jan 24, 2012 12:25 AM PST reply actions  

Personally....

…I ALWAYS thought the theme of Moneyball was “Find the undervalued assets!”

It doesn’t even take that much business acumen, either.

by rtang on Jan 24, 2012 9:15 AM PST up reply actions  

I think it was more than undervalued assets

It was about a shift from scout heavy, BA/RBI analysis to one that relied on better numbers to explain things.

There is a shift from basic stats to advanced stats in all sports – NBA, NFL. NFL, etc. It all started from Moneyball, and the need to find undervalued assets, sure. But the book was still about a huge shift towards advanced statistics in all sports.

by valencia on Jan 24, 2012 3:27 PM PST up reply actions  

No, it really wasn't

it was about a team using one particular metric that nobody else attached any value to – OBP – in order to get players no one else wanted to sign because their “conventional” stats didn’t impress anybody. It was about using that approach – find something valuable that nobody cares about, and care about it – to build a team for very little money.

It really wasn’t about shifting towards advanced statistics. That shift started to happen around the time Moneyball was written, sure, but it didn’t start there.

by pdb on Jan 24, 2012 3:37 PM PST up reply actions  

It was about how they found it

Do you realize how basic OBP is? In the 90s teams still created batting orders based on BA, RBIs and HRs. After a 100 years teams/managers still made decisions based on BA and RBIs. A 100 years! That’s ridiculous.

What caused every single MLB team to change into a league that focuses on OBP, in just under a decade? It was Moneyball. Boston was the first FO to see it’s power – they offered Beane the job, got turned down, then went to Theo Epstein, the first GM without any baseball experience. Do you realize how incredible that is? For something so simple (OBP) that has existed for how long, to finally become acceptable at the FO level? Boston literally had to get a guy with zero baseball experience because they couldn’t find a guy from baseball at the time who believed in OBP. I’ve read some other Michael Lewis books, and their themes are all the same – being able to convince a bunch of people that the way they do things is wrong. It’s the hardest thing in the world.

The theme wasn’t undervalued assets – that’s the motive. The theme was proving everybody, and I mean everybody, was wrong. Advanced stats had so much value because literally no one believed it. Even now, how many NBA fans think FG% is a good stat to use? It treats all 2 pointers and 3 pointers the same. Doesn’t that sound like BA – treating a single and double the same? Isn’t eFG% better, since it at least normalizes 2 pt attempts and 3 pt attempts? Yet even now, most basketball fans have zero clue what eFG% is, while every baseball fan knows what OBP is. I find that amazing.

by valencia on Jan 24, 2012 3:58 PM PST up reply actions  

OBP is not an advanced statistic, though

You said it yourself. It’s a basic stat. And teams no longer focus on OBP to the extent they did when Moneyball was written, because it is now valued properly by scouts and evaluators.

by pdb on Jan 24, 2012 5:21 PM PST up reply actions  

Right but OBP started the snowball effect

Remember back then, everyone still used BA and RBIs to decide who was better because they’ve been doing it for a 100 years. That’s the only reason. Someone decided to buck the trend, got noticed, and it snowballed from there. Without the one guy to set the precedent, no one would have stuck their neck out to try it. It’s trying to capture the moment when traditional stats started to be eschewed for advanced ones all because one guy said “fuck the rules, I have no money.”

by valencia on Jan 24, 2012 7:23 PM PST up reply actions  

Most excellent tables, thanks for the post

This is a fantastic way to look at the “pipeline”, so to speak. I can really visualize the organization depth at various positions, and get a sense for just how rare it is to have e.g. someone like Ackley immediately rise and take off like he has.

Wouldn’t it be grand if e.g. Fangraphs had a feature like this? I’ve heard before that the Rangers farm is pretty solid, for example, but it’d be even easier to see if it were in this format.

by Chris_FB on Jan 24, 2012 9:37 AM PST reply actions  

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